Chryseobacteria can also colonize patients via contaminated medical devices such as respirators, intubation tubes, humidifiers. Acute emergence of elizabethkingia meningoseptica infection among mechanically ventilated patients in a longterm acute care facility volume 31 issue 1 kingsley n. Chryseobacterium indologenes and chryseobacterium gleum are human pathogens and are former members of the genus flavobacterium vandamme et al. Unforeseeable presentation of chryseobacterium indologenes. Members of the genus chryseobacterium are widely distributed in various. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum or cdciia, is a nonfermentative, nonmotile, oxidasepositive gramnegative rod that is widely distributed in nature. Although chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic of the genus, chryseobacterium indologenes c. Identification and virulence of chryseobacterium indologenes. We report here a case of chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in a diabetic nephropathy patient on hemodialysis. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a rare pathogen in cases of bacterial meningitis in adults and adolescents. Main organism described as human pathogen in this class. The genera chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia springerlink. The genus flavobacterium was created in 1923 for a group of nonspore forming, aerobic gram negative rods, with the ability to produce yellow pigmented colonies 8. Immunocompromised individuals are particularly at increased risk for developing severe infections due to e.
Although most commercial identification systems still include c. Endocarditis due to chryseobacterium meningosepticum bomb k. A chryseobacterium meningosepticum outbreak observed in 3 clusters involving both neonatal and nonneonatal pediatric patients. A limited range of antibiotic classes are available for treatment of chryseobacterium meningosepticum infections. The newly classified and renamed elizabethkingia, chryseobacterium and myroides genera were originally included among the different species that belong to the genus flavobacterium. Chryseobacterium form typical yelloworange color colonies due to flexirubintype pigment. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum infection and cardiac. A case of healthcare associated pneumonia caused by. Clinical strains of chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia.
Chapter 24 chryseobacterium, sphingobacterium, and similar organisms objectives 1. Successful management of elizabethkingia meningoseptica meningitis with intraventricular vancomycin rajeev soman1, umang agrawal2, mitesh suthar3, ketan desai4, anjali shetty5 abstract elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly chryseobacterium meningosepticum usually causes neonatal meningitis and is a rare cause of nosocomial meningitis in adults. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most clinically important species of the genus chryseobacterium. Flavobacterium meningosepticum, cdc group iia bacteriology a bacterium of soil, water, plants, foods, hospital waterincubators, tap water, hemodialysis systems, pharmaceuticals mode of transmission uncertain, but probably linked to contaminated medical devices and fluids. Pdf elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum sepsis complicated with. Antibioticresistant pathogens and nosocomial infections constitute common and serious problems for neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units worldwide. Successful management of elizabethkingia meningoseptica.
Chryseobacterium flavobacterium meningosepticum outbreak. It is known to cause meningitis in neonates and premature infants. Pdf chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis in. Elizabethkingia, chryseobacterium and myroides species. Jones, rosemary albright, yolanda thomas, carlos h. This pdf is available for free download from a site hosted by medknow publications. King used serological procedures for typing strains isolated in the epidemiological studies. A collection of eight clinical strains from belgian hospitals and three clinical strains of the ccug collection were characterized biochemically as being similar to cdc groups iih and iic.
Pdf chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in diabetic. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a nonfermentative gramnegative bacillus that is ubiquitously found in hospital environments, and it has been associated with various nosocomial infections. Reported infections include bacteremia, pneumonia, meningitis, myositis, keratitis, and indwelling devices. Atypical chryseobacterium meningosepticum and meningitis and. Outbreaks usually extend over a period of a few weeks 15, 16, although they may last longer 14, 17, and this was the case in the present study. Although chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic member of the genus, c. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum or cdciia is a gramnegative rod widely. Waterborne elizabethkingia meningoseptica in adult. Limited data are available on chryseobacterium spp. Some species of chryseobacterium have been involved in human infections, acting as sporadic but severe opportunistic nosocomial pathogens. Chryseobacterium indologenes noncatheterrelated bacteremia. First isolation and characterization of chryseobacterium.
An emerging pathogen causing meningitis in a hospitalized adult trauma patient. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis in neonates and a wide variety of infections. A 11 year female child, from southasia of indian origin presented with fever, pain and swelling in right leg for 3 days with no significant past history. Nursing homeassociated infections and antibiotic resistant pathogens constitute common and serious problems in the geriatric population.
Nevertheless the knowledge of the diversity of species associated with fish disease is partial due to the problems for a correct identification at the species level based exclusively on phenotypic laboratory methods. These 11 strains were found to cluster according to 16s rrna gene sequence similarity at a level of. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum, has been reported to cause outbreaks of meningitis, primarily in premature newborns and infants in neonatal intensive care units icu. Data from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program indicated that e. The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine. Pdf an adult case of chryseobacterium meningosepticum. Conversely, onehalf of the isolates from the respiratory tract were c. Emerging chryseobacterium indologenes infection in. The most active antimicrobials were the newer quinolones garenoxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin, each with a mic at which 90 percent of the isolates are inhibited mic90 of 1 micro gml and 98. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is the most pathogenic member of the genus. Chryseobacterium indologenes, previously called flavobacterium, has been reported to cause hospitalacquired infections mostly in taiwan but rarely elsewhere. As an agent of neonatal meningitis, it reportedly demonstrates mortality rates of up to 57% and produces severe postinfection sequelae including hydrocephalus, deafness, and developmental delay.
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, nonfermenting gramnegative bacillus. Chryseobacterium, sphingobacterium, and similar organisms. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc iia, is a gramnegative rod widely distributed in nature. The pathogen causes meningitis in premature and newborn infants and pneumonia, endocarditis, postoperative bacteremia, and meningitis usually associated with severe underlying illness in. Clinical and microbiological analysis of bloodstream infections. It can colonize hospital environment due to ability to survive in chlorinetreated water supplies. A chryseobacterium meningosepticum colonization outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. Lower respiratory tract 52% and blood 46% were the major sites. We present the case of a patient with endstage renal disease who developed purulent pericarditis with c meningosepticum infection, which rapidly evolved into cardiac.
Elizabethkingia meningosepticum nursing ceu ceufast. Chryseobacterium species is gramnegative bacillus widely distributed in soil and water. Apr 12, 2016 we report for the first time a case of community acquired chryseobacterium indologenes soft tissue infection in an immunocompetent patient. Cureus chryseobacterium indologenes, an emerging bacteria. We present a case of ventilatorassociated pneumonia caused by c. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica formerly flavobacterium meningosepticum and, during 19942005 chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a gramnegative nonfermenting obligate aerobe. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases who had indwelling devices or implants. The pathogen causes meningitis in premature and newborn infants and pneumonia, endocarditis, postoperative bacteremia, and meningitis usually associated with severe underlying illness in adults 47. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is a gramnegative bacillus that is widely distributed in nature. The genus flavobacterium was created in 1923 for a group of nonspore forming, aerobic gram negative rods, with the ability to produce yellow pigmented colonies.
Epidemiology of a worldwide collection of chryseobacterium. Chryseobacterium is a genus of gramnegative bacteria. In addition, results of susceptibility testing vary when different. It may be normally present in fish and frogs but is not normally present in the human microflora. Chryseobacterium indologenes sepsis due to an infected. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is the most important pathogen. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a lactosenonfermenting gramnegative bacilli ubiquitously found in the natural and hospital environment. Chryseobacterium indologenes is a nonlactosefermenting, gramnegative, health careassociated pathogen hcap. In vitro activities of cefepime and cefpirome against 96 isolates of chryseobacterium indologenes and 21 of c.
Chryseobacteria are not a part of the human flora but are found in soil, plants, and foodstuffs. We present the clinical course of a 52yearold african male with a medical history of end stage renal disease esrd in hemodialysis with multiple episodes of. Members the genus chryseobacterium are widely distributed microorganisms that can be recovered from a wide variety of environments, such as fresh water, sewage and wastewater, soil or food sources, such as milk, poultry and meat and dairy products. Elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium core. Identify the normal habitat and the routes of transmission for the organisms. We report a second case in the united states in a patient with metastatic breast cancer who, while on chemotherapy, developed a bacteremia due. Two gramnegative, yellowpigmented bacteria designated psd14t and pha34t, isolated from two sanddune plant species inhabiting coastal areas in taean, korea, were subjected to taxonomic investigation. Describe the general characteristics of the organisms discussed in this chapter. Clinical infection caused by c meningosepticum is very rare among healthy adults. Jan 14, 2011 chryseobacterium indologenes is an uncommon human pathogen. Chryseobacterium flavobacterium meningosepticum outbreak associated with colonization of water taps in a neonatal intensive care unit. Fifty isolates 24 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, 20 chryseobacterium indologenes, two chryseobacterium gleum, and 4 chryseobacterium.
It is ubiquitous and intrinsically resistant to several antibiotics. King who isolated kingella kingae in 1960 was studying. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteremia in diabetic. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica bacteremia in a neonate. Elizabethkingia meningosepticum chryseobacterium meningosepticum infections in children.
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a gram negative rod shaped bacteria widely distributed in nature e. Bacteremia due to elizabethkingia meningoseptica sciencedirect. Clinical strains of chryseobacterium and elizabethkingia spp. Atypical chryseobacterium meningosepticum and meningitis. The genus contains more than 100 described species from diverse habitats, including freshwater sources, soil, marine fish, and human hosts. Elizabethkingia species from chryseobacterium indologenes the most common species causing human disease in this genus is by the lack of a yellow pigment in culture see table. Chryseobacterium indologenes infection in a newborn. List the appropriate media for cultivation of the organisms listed, particularly e. Currently, 36 species are included in the genus, but not all have yet been. First case of elizabethkingia anophelis meningitis in the. Previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, and prior to this, flavobacterium meningosepticum hardy organism found in water, soilubiquitous in hospital environments.
Sentry program during the 5year period 1997 to 2001 revealed that chryseobacterium species constitute only 0. Chryseobacterium indologenes are aerobic, gram negative, nonfermentative rods that are intrinsically multidrug resistant. On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic analysis results, it is evident that each of these strains represents a novel species of chryseobacterium, for which the names chryseobacterium soldanellicola sp. A chryseobacterium meningosepticum colonization outbreak in a. Sep 01, 2000 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, formerly known as flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc iia, is a gramnegative rod widely distributed in nature. Antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a worldwide. Six cases have been recorded in europe, 2 in australia, and a single case in the united states. Chryseobacterium indologenes is an uncommon human pathogen. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, formerly chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is the most important pathogen, particularly in neonatal meningitis. Case reportendocarditis due to chryseobacterium meningosepticum.
Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, previously known as chryseobacterium meningosepticum, is a nonfermenting, oxidasepositive, nonmotile, gramnegative aerobic bacillus. Chryseobacterium indologenes an overview sciencedirect topics. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica international journal of infection. Chryseobacterium indologenes is nonmotile, oxidase, and indole positive gramnegative aerobic bacilli which is widely found in plants, soil, foodstuffs, and water. Fifty isolates 24 chryseobacterium meningosepticum, 20 chryseobacterium indologenes, two chryseobacterium gleum, and 4 chryseobacterium spp. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases who had indwelling devices implanted. Septic shock caused by elizabethkingia meningoseptica. The baby had a history of intubation and mechanical ventilation at birth due to asphyxia, after which she spent 2 days in hospital. Susceptibilities of chryseobacterium indologenes and.
Chryseobacterium indologenes an overview sciencedirect. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis. Incision and drainage was done and pus was sent for culture and sensitivity. King who isolated kingella in 1960, was studying unclassified pediatricmeningitis associated bacteria at the. Typically thought of as an organism of low virulence, it may cause serious infections, particularly among the immunocompromised. In hospital environments, they have been recovered from water systems and humid surfaces. Infection is typically from an environmental source. There have been an increasing number of infections in fish associated with different species of chryseobacterium, being considered potentially emerging pathogens. It is a wellknown agent of meningitis in premature and newborn infants. Chryseobacterium meningoseptcium formerly called flavobacterium meningosepticum and cdc group iia is the most pathogenic member of the genus. Chryseobacterium species are chemoorganotrophic, rod shape gramnegative bacteria.
It is ubiquitously found in soil and water and it has also been recovered from hospital. Most frequently associated with neonatal meningitis 3,4, the organism also has been described in. Chryseobacterium indologenes, a nonmotile gramnegative rod, though widely distributed in nature, is an uncommon human pathogen. Formerly flavobacterium indologenes, chryserobacterium indologenes is a yellow pigmented, gramnegative filamentous, nonmotile rod and can be found in soil, plants, foodstuffs and water sources including those found in hospitals 1234. Endocarditis due to chryseobacterium meningosepticum k bomb, a arora, n trehan abstract chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a gram negative rod widely distributed in nature. Zambrano, michael costello, janet havel, joel price, susan i. We report for the first time a case of community acquired chryseobacterium indologenes soft tissue infection in an immunocompetent patient. Antimicrobial susceptibility and epidemiology of a. Pdf the chryseobacterium species are inhabitants of soil and water. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica free definitions by babylon.
Chryseobacterium species is an uncommon human pathogen although recovered from various sources in the hospital environment. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica chryseobacterium meningosepticum bacteraemia. For reasons that are explained in the section phylogeny, the splitting of the genus chryseobacterium was proposed very recently kim et al. Urinary tract infection by chryseobacterium indologenes. Chryseobacterium meningosepticum is a ubiquitous gramnegative bacillus historically associated primarily with meningitis in neonates and a wide variety of. Suspected colonies were then identified using manual or automated. Most infections have been detected in hospitalized patients with severe underlying diseases and who had indwelling devices or implants. The highest chryseobacterium prevalence was detected among the elderly. Antimicrobial susceptibility data on chryseobacterium spp. It is widely distributed in the environment, yet also an acknowledged opportunistic human pathogen. Overall, cefepime was more active than cefpirome against c. Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a gramnegative, rodshaped bacterium widely distributed in nature e.
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